1.

General

1.1

Scope

1.1.1

Scope of Eurocode 2

1.1.2

Scope of Part 1 of Eurocode 2

1.2

Normative references

1.2.1

General reference standards

1.2.2

Other references

1.3

Assumptions

1.4

Distinction between principles and application rules Definitions

1.5.1

General

1.5.2

Additional terms used in this Standard

1.5.2.1

Precast structures

1.5.2.2

Plain or lightly reinforced concrete member

1.5.2.3

Unbonded and external tendons

1.5.2.4

Prestress

1.6

Special symbols used in this Standard

1.6.1

General

1.6.2

Latin upper case symbols

1.6.3

Latin lower case symbols

1.6.4

Greek symbols

2.

Basis of design

2.1

Requirements

2.1.1

Basic requirements

2.1.2

Reliability management

2.1.3

Design working life, durability and quality management

2.2

Principles of limit state design

2.3

Basic variables

2.3.1

Actions and environment influences

2.3.1.1

Prestress

2.3.2

Material and product properties

2.3.2.1

Shrinkage and creep

2.3.3

Geometric data

2.3.3.1

Supplementary requirements for cast in piace piles

2.4

Verification by the partial factor method

2.4.1

Design values

2.4.1.1

Partial factors for shrinkage action

2.4.1.2

Partial factors for prestress

2.4.1.3

Partial factors for fatigue loads

2.4.1.4

Partial factors for materials

2.4.1.5

Partial factors for materials for foundations

2.4.2

Combination of actions

2.4.3

Verification of static equilibrium (EQU)

2.5

Design assisted by testing

2.6

Supplementary requirements for foundations

3.

Materials

3.1

Concrete

3.1.3

General

3.1.2

Strength

3.1.3

Elastic deformation

3.1.4

Creep and shrinkage

3.1.5

Stress-strain relation for non-linear structural analysis

3.1.6

Design compressive and tensile strengths

3.1.7

Stress-strain relations for the design of sections

3.1.8

Flexural tensile strength

3.1.9

Confined concrete

3.2

Reinforcing steel

3.2.1

General

3.2.2

Properties

3.2.2.1

Strength

3.2.2.2

Ductility characteristics

3.2.2.3

Welding

3.2.2.4

Fatigue

3.2.3

Design assumptions

3.3

Prestressing steel

3.3.1

General

3.3.2

Properties

3.3.2.1

Strength

3.3.2.2

Ductility characteristics

3.3.2.3

Fatigue

3.3.3

Design assumptions

3.3.4

Prestressing tendons in sheaths

3.4

Prestressing devices

3.4.1

Anchorages and couplers

3.4.1.1

General

3.4.1.2

Mechanical properties

3.4.1.2.1

Anchored tendons

3.4.1.2.2

Anchored devices and anchorage zones

3.4.2

External non-bonded tendons

3.4.2.1

General

3.4.2.2

Anchorages

4.

Durability and cover to reinforcement

4.1

General

4.2

Environmental conditions

4.3

Requirements for durability

4.4

Verifications

4.4.1

Concrete cover

4.4.1.1

General

4.4.1.2

Minimum cover, Cmin

4.4.1.3

Allowance in design for tolerance

4.4.2

Other verification methods

5.

Structural analysis

5.1

General provisions

5.1.1

Special requirements for foundations

5.1.2

Load cases and combinations

5.1.3

Imperfections

5.1.4

Second order effects

5.1.5

Deformations of concrete

5.1.6

Thermal effects

5.1.7

Uneven settlements

5.2

Geometric imperfections

5.3

Idealisation of the structure

5.3.1

Structural models for overall analysis

5.3.2

Geometric data

5.3.2.1

Effective width of flanges (all limit states)

5.3.2.2

Effective span of beams and slabs in buildings

5.4

Linear elastic analysis

5.5

Linear analysis with limited redistribution

5.6

Plastic methods of analysis

5.6.1

General

5.6.2

Plastic analysis for beams, frames and slabs

5.6.3

Rotation capacity

5.6.4

Analysis of struts and ties

5.7

Non-linear analysis

5.8

Second order effects with axial load

5.8.1

Definitions

5.8.2

General

5.8.3

Simplified criteria for second order effects

5.8.3.1

Slenderness Criterion for isolated members

5.8.3.2

Slenderness and effective length of isolated members

5.8.3.3

Global second order effects in buildings

5.8.4

Creep

5.8.5

Methods of analysis

5.8.6

General method

5.8.7

Second order analysis based on nominal stiffness

5.8.7.1

General

5.8.7.2

Nominal stiffness

5.8.7.3

Practical methods of analysis

5.8.8

Method based on nominal curvature

5.8.8.1

General

5.8.8.2

Bending moments

5.8.8.3

Curvature

5.8.9

Biaxial bending

5.9

Lateral instability of slender beams

5.10

Prestressed members and structures

5.10.1

General

5.10.2

Prestressing force

5.10.2.1

Maximum stressing force

5.10.2.2

Limitation of concrete stress

5.10.2.3

Measurements

5.10.3

Prestressing force

5.10.4

Losses of prestress

5.10.4.1

Immediate losses of prestress for pre-tensioning

5.10.5

Immediate losses of prestress for post-tensioning

5.10.5.1

Losses due to the instantaneous deformation of concrete

5.10.5.2

Losses due to friction

5.10.5.3

Losses at anchorage

5.10.6

Long term losses of prestress for pre- and post-tensioning

5.10.7

Consideration of prestress in analysis

5.10.8

Effects of prestressing at ultimate limit state

5.10.9

Effects of prestressing at serviceability limit state and limit state of fatigue

5.11

Shear walls

6.

Ultimate limit states

6.1

Bending with or without axial force

6.2

Shear

6.2.1

General verification procedure

6.2.2

Members not requiring design shear reinforcement

6.2.3

Members requiring design shear reinforcement

6.2.4

Shear between web and flanges of T-sections

6.2.5

Shear at the interface between concretes cast at different times

6.3

Torsion

6.3.1

General

6.3.2

Design procedure

6.3.3

Warping torsion

6.4

Punching

6.4.1

General

6.4.2

Load distribution and basic control perimeter

6.4.3

Punching shear calculation

6.4.4

Punching shear resistance for slabs or column bases without shear reinforcement

6.4.5

Punching shear resistance of slabs or column bases with shear reinforcement

6.5

Design of struts, tie and nodes

6.5.1

General

6.5.2

Struts

6.5.3

Ties

6.5.4

Nodes

6.6

Anchorages and laps

6.7

Partially loaded areas

6.8

Fatigue

6.8.1

Verification conditions

6.8.2

Internal forces and stresses for fatigue verification

6.8.3

Combination of actions

6.8.4

Verification procedure for reinforcing and prestressing steel

6.8.5

Verification using damage equivalent stress

6.8.6

Other verifications

6.8.7

Verification of concrete using damage equivalent stress

7.

Serviceability limit states

7.1

General

7.2

Stresses

7.3

Cracking

7.3.1

General considerations

7.3.2

Minimum reinforcement areas

7.3.3

Control of cracking without direct calculation

7.3.4

Calculation of crack widths

7.4

Deformation

7.4.1

General considerations

7.4.2

Cases where calculations may be omitted

7.4.3

Checking deflections by calculation

8.

Detailing of reinforcement - General

8.1

General

8.2

Spacing of bars

8.3

Permissible mandrel diameters for bent bars

8.4

Anchorage of longitudinal reinforcement

8.4.1

General

8.4.2

Ultimate bond stress

8.4.3

Basic anchorage length

8.4.4

Design anchorage length

8.5

Anchorage of links and shear reinforcement

8.6

Anchorage by welded bars

8.7

Laps and mechanical couplers

8.7.1

General

8.7.2

Laps

8.7.3

Lap length

8.7.4

Transverse reinforcement in the lap zone

8.7.4.1

Transverse reinforcement for bars in tension

8.7.4.2

Transverse reinforcement for bars permanently in compression

8.7.5

Laps for welded mesh fabrics made of ribbed wires

8.7.5.1

Laps of the main reinforcement

8.7.5.2

Laps of secondary or distribution reinforcement

8.8

Additional rules for large diameter bars

8.9

Bundled bars

8.9.1

General

8.9.2

Anchorage of bundles of bars

8.9.3

Lapping bundles of bars

8.10

Prestressing tendons

8.10.1

Arrangement of prestressing tendons and ducts

8.10.1.1

Pre-tensioned tendons

8.10.1.2

Post-tension ducts

8.10.2

Anchorage of pre-tensioned tendons

8.10.2.1

Transfer of prestress

8.10.2.2

Anchorage of tensile force for the ultimate limit state

8.10.3

Anchorage zones of post-tensioned members

8.10.4

Anchorages and couplers for prestressing tendons

8.10.5

Deviators

9.

Detailing of members and particular requirements

9.1

General

9.2

Beams

9.2.1

Longitudinal reinforcement

9.2.1.1

Minimum and maximum reinforcement areas

9.2.1.2

Other detailing arrangements

9.2.1.3

Curtailment of the longitudinal tension reinforcement

9.2.1.4

Anchorage of bottom reinforcement at an end support

9.2.1.5

Anchorage of bottom reinforcement at intermediate supports

9.2.2

Shear reinforcement

9.2.3

 Torsional reinforcement

9.2.4

Surface reinforcement

9.2.5

Indirect supports

9.3

Solid slabs

9.3.1

Flexural reinforcement

9.3.1.1

General

9.3.1.2

Reinforcement in slabs near supports

9.3.1.3

Corner reinforcement

9.3.1.4

Reinforcement at the free edges

9.3.2

Shear reinforcement

9.4

Flat slabs

9.4.1

Definition

9.4.2

Equivalent frame analysis

9.4.3

Irregular column layout

9.4.4

Reinforcement in flat slabs

9.4.4.1

Slab at internal columns

9.4.4.2

Slab at edge columns

9.4.4.3

Punching shear reinforcement

9.5

Columns

9.5.1

Longitudinal reinforcement

9.5.2

Transverse reinforcement

9.6

Walls

9.6.1

General

9.6.2

Vertical reinforcement

9.6.3

Horizontal reinforcement

9.6.4

Transverse reinforcement

9.7

Deep beams

9.8

Foundations

9.8.1

Pile caps

9.8.2

Column and wall footings

9.8.2.1

Anchorage of bars

9.8.3

Tie beams

9.8.4

Column footing on rock

9.8.5

Bored piles

9.9

Regions with discontinuity in geometry or action

9.9.1

Frame corners

9.9.1.1

Frame corners with closing moment

9.9.1.2

Frame corners with opening moment

9.9.2

Corbels

9.10

Tying systems

9.10.1

General

9.10.2

Proportioning of ties

9.10.2.1

Peripheral ties

9.10.2.2

Internal ties

9.10.2.3

Horizontal ties to columns and/or walls 9.10.2.4 Vertical ties

9.10.3

Continuity and anchorage of ties

10.

Additional rules for precast concrete elements and structures

10.1

General

10.1.1

Special terms used in this section

10.2

Basis of design, fundamental requirements

10.3

Materials

10.3.1

Concrete

10.3.1.1

Strength

10.3.1.2

Elastic deformation

10.3.1.3

Creep and shrinkage

10.3.2

Prestressing steel

10.3.2.2

Technological properties of prestressing steel

10.5

Structural analysis, general provisions

10.5.1

General

10.5.2

Losses of prestress

10.9

Particular rules for design and detailing

10.9.1

Restraining moments in slabs

10.9.2

Wall to floor connections

10.9.3

Floor systems

10.9.4

Connections and supports for precast elements

10.9.4.1

Materials

10.9.4.2

General rules for design and detailing of connections

10.9.4.3

Connections transmitting compressive forces

10.9.4.4

Connections transmitting.shear forces

10.9.4.5

Connections transmitting 'bending moments or tensile forces

10.9.4.6

Half joints

10.9.4.7

Anchorage of reinforcement at supports

10.9.5

Bearings

10.9.5.1

General

10.9.5.2

Bearings for connected members

10.9.5.3

Bearings for isolated members

10.9.6

Pocket foundations

10;9.6.1

Pockets with keyed surfaces

10.9.6.2

Pockets with smooth surfaces

10.9.7

Tying systems

11.

Lightweight aggregated concrete structures

11.1

General

11.1.1

Scope

11.1.2

Special symbols

11.2

Basis of design

11.3

Materials

11.3.1

Concrete

11.3.2

Elastic deformation

11.3.3

Creep and shrinkage

11.3.4

Stress-strain relations for structural analysis

11.3.5

Design compressive and tensile strengths

11.3.6

Stress-strain relations for the design of sections

11.3.7

Confined concrete

11.4

Durability

11.4.1

Environmental conditions

11.4.2

Concrete cover and properties of concrete

11.5

Structural analysis

11.6

Ultimate limit states

11.6.1

Members not requiring design shear reinforcement

11.6.2

Members requiring design shear reinforcement

11.6.3

Torsion

11.6.3.1

Design procedure

11.6.4

Punching

11.6.4.1

Slabs or column bases without punching shear reinforcement

11.6.4.2

Slabs or column bases containing punching shear reinforcement

11.6.5

Partially loaded areas

11.7

Serviceability limit states

11.8

Detailing of reinforcement - General

11.8.1

Permissible mandrel diameters for bent bars

11.8.2

Ultimate bond stress

11.9

Detailing of members and particular rules

11.12

Plain and lightly reinforced concrete structures

12.

Plain and lightly reinforced concrete structures

12.1

General

12.2

Basis of design

12.2.1

Additional partial safety factors for materials

12.3

Materials

12.3.1

Concrete: additional design assumptions

12.5

Structural analysis: general provisions

12.5.1

Ultimate Limit states

12.6

Ultimate limit states for bending and axial force

12.6.1

 Design resistance to bending and axial force

12.6.2

Local Failure

12.6.3

Shear

12.6.4

Torsion

12.6.5

Ultimate limit states induced by structural deformation (buckling)

12.6.5.1

Slenderness of columns and walls

12.6.5.2

Simplified design method for walls and columns

12.7

Serviceability limit states

12.9

Detailing provisions

12.9.1

Structural members

12.9.2

Construction joints

12.9.3

Strip and pad footings

Informative annexes

A

Modification of partial factors for materials

B

Creep and shrinkage

C

Indicative Strength Classes for durability

D

Global second order effects in structures

E

Soil structure interaction

F

Reinforcement expressions for in-plane stress conditions

G

Detailed method for the calculation for prestressing steel relaxation losses

H

Clauses referring to a National Annex